文档

• https://pkg.go.dev/net
• https://pkg.go.dev/net/http
• https://pkg.go.dev/net/http/httputil
• https://pkg.go.dev/net/rpc
• https://pkg.go.dev/net/rpc/jsonrpc
• https://pkg.go.dev/net/url
• https://pkg.go.dev/net/mail

SSH 和 SFTP 及其相关库了解

• https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV19WftB2EkK/

说明

• TCP 网络编程: TCP 底层处理逻辑(理解)
• HTTP 网络编程: 基于 TCP 的封装实现的 HTTP 协议(重点)
• RPC/JSON-RPC 网络编程: 远程协议调用, 是写微服务用的协议(重点)

快速构建一个 HTTP 服务器

package main

import (
	"fmt"
	"net/http"
)

// 1.设计 API
// GET /            # 检查服务器状态
// GET /articles    # 文章列表接口

// 2.定义处理函数
func CheckHealth(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
		http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
		return
	}

	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"errno": 0, msg: "server is running", "data": null}`)
}

func ListArticles(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	if r.Method != http.MethodGet {
		http.Error(w, "method not allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
		return
	}

	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
	fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"errno": 0, msg: "success", "data": []}`)
}

func LoggerMiddleware(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		fmt.Println("请求开始", r.URL.Path)
		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
		fmt.Println("请求结束")
	})
}

func main() {
	// 3.创建 http 服务实例 & 注册路由
	server := http.NewServeMux()
	server.HandleFunc("/", CheckHealth)
	server.HandleFunc("/articles", ListArticles)

	// 4.定义中间件
	handler := LoggerMiddleware(server)

	// 5.启动 http 服务, 监听客户端请求
	http.ListenAndServe("127.0.0.1:8080", handler)
}

快速构建一个 HTTP 客户端

package main

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"net/http"
)

func main() {
	sendGetRequst()
	sendPostRequst()
}

// 使用默认的http客户端发送get请求
func sendGetRequst() {
	response, err := http.Get("http://127.0.0.1:3000/query?keyword=golang")
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Network error", err)
		return
	}

	body, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("ReadAll error", err)
		return
	}

	fmt.Println(string(body))
}

// 使用默认的http客户端发送post请求
func sendPostRequst() {
	byteData, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]string{
		"email":    "test@example.com",
		"password": "123456",
	})
	response, err := http.Post("http://127.0.0.1:3000/json", "application/json", bytes.NewBuffer(byteData))
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("Network error", err)
	}

	body, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
	if err != nil {
		fmt.Println("ReadAll error", err)
		return
	}

	fmt.Println(string(body))
}